Better Sleep Better Health

Communicating through language changed the course of human evolution. Connecting common thoughts and ideas fostered the growth of our civilization and culture. Now research suggests that sleep consolidation in the early years of a child’s life is integral to mastering this skill.

As reported in the journal SLEEP, a longitudinal study involving 1,029 twins from the Quebec Newborn Twin Study focused on sleep consolidation during the first two years of life. Using parental reporting, the twins’ sleep times were measured at 6, 18 and 30 months of age. Language skills were measured at 18 and 30 months with the MacArthur Communicative Development Inventory, a standardized system used to determine development of early vocabulary. At 60 months the researchers used the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test to measure language development.

Results show that the day/night sleep ratio decreased significantly from 6 to 30 months of age. Children with language delays at 60 months had less mature sleep consolidation at both 6 and 18 months than children without delays and those with transient early delays. This suggests the earlier children attain a consolidated sleep schedule, the more quickly they may develop language skills.

Providing children with an environment conducive to sleep is essential for their development. Try to encourage a regular bedtime and create a cool, quiet and comfortable sleeping area to foster uninterrupted nighttime sleep.

If you have questions or concerns about your child’s sleep, the specialists at Oregon Sleep Associates are well versed in pediatric sleep medicine. Contact them at 503-288-5201 for more information.

Getting adolescents to get the sleep they need can be a hard task to accomplish. Today’s world is filled with distractions that keep kids and teenagers awake. But a new study released in the latest issue of the journal SLEEP suggests that parents that take the hard line when it comes to bedtimes are truly helping their children’s futures.

The study looked at 385 children from different schools in South Australia. Researchers found that 17.5% of the those studied reported a parent-set bedtime. That group demonstrated earlier bedtimes, more sleep, and improved daytime functioning compared to their peers without parent enforced bedtimes. This is significant because especially in children sufficient sleep time is essential for cognitive and physical development. Lack of sleep has been linked to lower school test scores, depression, increased traffic accidents, and childhood obesity.

Teens may not like it when their parents make them go to bed, but in the long run the benefits of sufficient sleep may far outweigh the costs of struggling over bedtimes.

Suicide is the third leading cause of death amongst Americans ages 15 to 24. This figure is made all the more heartrending when one considers that many suicides are preventable with intervention and proper treatment of depression. New information about sleep patterns may help prevent more senseless losses.

The study, reported in the journal SLEEP, found that teenagers who slept on average five hours or less a night were an alarming 71% more likely to be depressed than their peers who slept longer. They were also 48% more likely to think about committing suicide than those who got more sleep. These results are alarming considering that many teenagers are increasingly getting less sleep than they need. The AASM recommends that teens get at least 9 hours of sleep per night. However, many teen’s sleep schedules shift to a more nocturnal pattern of wakefulness. They may tend to feel tired later in the night and want to sleep in longer in the morning than adults and younger children. Unfortunately, school schedules and other responsibilities cut this sleep time short, leading to a repeated lack of rest. Setting an earlier bedtime is very important. Teens who went to bed at midnight or later on a regular basis were 24% more likely to feel depressed than those who had a bedtime of 10:00.

What can parents do to help their teens? The most important thing is always to talk to your kids. An open dialog is very important not only to understand what frame of mind they’re in, but also to offer support and stability. Also encourage your teens to get a good night’s sleep and enforce rules about no electronic devices or TV’s in the bedroom. Instill earlier bedtimes and make sure that they are as rested as possible. Try to remember what being a teenager was like and work to be a stable and safe harbor for them during this tumultuous time.
For more information about depression and suicide prevention call 1-800-SUICIDE.

Look on the side of a Rockstar, Red Bull, or 5 Hour Energy and you’ll usually find a warning for these products to be avoided by pregnant women or those sensitive to caffeine. These drinks, as well as the ubiquitous Starbucks coffee, can be consumed responsibly by adults. But should children be consuming caffeine?

A recent study published in the Journal Of Pediatrics reported that 75% of children ages 5 to 12 consume caffeine daily. Most of that consumption came in the form of soda, although the substance is also found in other sources such as chocolate. The study found that children aged 5 to 7 years were on average consuming 52mg of caffeine per day and those aged 8 to 12 years were consuming 109mg. To put that in perspective, the average Red Bull contains 80mg of caffeine and a normal cup of coffee has around 120mg.

It is important to remember that caffeine is a drug and can have serious side effects. The lead researcher on the study, Dr William Warzak, advises, “Parents should be aware of the potentially negative influence of caffeine on a child’s sleep quality and daily functioning.” Caffeine is a stimulant and leads to hyperactivity, making it harder for children to focus in school and at home. It also is a diuretic, which can increase the likelihood of bed-wetting when consumed close to bedtime. The effects of caffeine can greatly disrupt children’s sleep cycles and increase nocturnal arousals. Disrupted and shortened sleep have been proven to be detrimental to childhood development, leading to increased obesity, hyperactivity, and decreased school performance.

Experts consider it unnecessary for children to consume caffeine and instead recommend milk, juices, or water to quench thirst. The next time your child wants something to drink, encourage lifetime of healthy habits by avoiding soda.

As 2010 gets put to bed, it is time to look at the stories about sleep that were most talked about this year:

• More Children Are Medicated for Insomnia -  Illustrating a disturbing trend in medicine, many children are given prescription sleep aids for Insomnia.

• US Military Finds Bright Light Can Improve Alertness, Reduce Post Traumatic Stress - Another link between exposure to light and our circadian rhythms.

• Tired Teenagers At Risk For Depression – Teens’ schedules are causing increased rates of depression in today’s youth.

• Shift Work Hurts Productivity – Important news for businesses with employees on late shifts.

• Sudden Infant Death Syndrome Linked to Low Levels of Serotonin – New research sheds light on the possible causes of SIDS, a scourge that continues to puzzle scientists.

• Sleep Suffers During Wartime Deployment – The stress of war is affecting our troop’s sleep and peace of mind, making it harder to adjust upon their return home.

• Insomnia And Sleep Duration Linked to Early Death – Startling news on the connection between lack of sleep and mortality.

• Percy Harvin’s Trouble With Sleep Apnea – The Viking’s receiver’s continued woes with his sleep disorder.

• Biggest Loser Contestant on CPAP – Contestant Sherry Johnston talks about sleep apnea and continuous positive airway pressure.

• Obstructive Sleep Apnea Linked to Heart Disease – A recent study finds that the common sleep disorder is even more serious than previously thought.

Pregnancy can be a very difficult time for women to get the rest they need. Changes in hormones, pain, and positional difficulties can make it hard to get comfortable. The National Sleep Foundation offers some good tips for women who are expecting:

1. In the third trimester, sleep on your left side to allow for the best blood flow to the fetus and to your uterus and kidneys. Avoid lying flat on your back for a long period of time.

2. Drink lots of fluids during the day, but cut down before bedtime.

3. To prevent heartburn, do not eat large amounts of spicy, acidic (such as tomato products), or fried foods. If heartburn is a problem, sleep with your head elevated on pillows.

4. Exercise regularly to help you stay healthy, improve your circulation, and reduce leg cramps.

5. Try frequent bland snacks (like crackers) throughout the day. This helps avoid nausea by keeping your stomach full.

6. Special “pregnancy” pillows and mattresses may help you sleep better. Or use regular pillows to support your body.

7. Naps may help. The NSF poll found that 51% of pregnant or recently pregnant women reported at least one weekday nap; 60% reported at least one weekend nap.

8. Learn to relax with relaxation and breathing techniques, which can also help when the contractions begin. A warm bath or shower before bed can be helpful.

9. Talk to your doctor if you develop medical problems and/or insomnia persists.

Bed-wetting: It’s a problem that can be frustrating and embarrassing to both children and adults. Most children wet the bed occasionally or even nightly during the potty-training years. In fact, it is estimated that seven million children in the United States wet their beds on a regular basis.

It is considered normal for children to wet the bed while sleeping during the last stage of the toilet-training process. However, If a child continues to wet the bed more than twice a month after age 5 or 6, it may be considered a problem. Not every child stops wetting the bed at the same age. Bladder function is a complex process and takes time to develop enough for a child to control it throughout the night.
There are both primary and secondary forms of bed-wetting.
With primary bed-wetting, the child has never had nighttime control over urination and it is usually part of the child’s natural development.
The secondary form is less common and refers to bed-wetting that occurs after the child has been dry during sleep for 6 or more months. This form is usually caused by some psychological stress or fear in the child’s life. In some cases it may be the result of an underlying medical condition such as constipation, urinary tract problems, or even sleep disordered breathing. If this is the case, a pediatrician should be contacted. The pediatrician can suggest several options of how to deal with bed-wetting. These options include behavioral modifications like stretching the bladder by delaying urination during the day, encouraging the child to use the restroom before bed, or using a alarm device to wake the child when it senses urination at night.
There are also medications to help control bed-wetting, but caution should be used when seeking out and using such remedies. A recent report by the FDA stated that some bed-wetting medications, especially when used nasally, may unbalance childrens electrolyte levels and could lead to seizures. Patients using these medications should consult their doctors.
Parents faced with their children wetting the bed should remember to use positive reinforcement and encouragement to help their kids out of this difficult phase. If your child has consistent problems wetting their bed at night, talk to their pediatrician for advice on how to help.